[The Malady of Emperor Frederick III. and Virchow's diagnostic role]. / Die Krankheit Kaiser Friedrichs III. und Virchows Rolle.

Crownprince Frederick Wilhelm of Prussia was once the hope of the liberal movement in Germany. He embodied and lived a humanistic ideal based on the spirit of the enlightenment. Starting in January 1887 the passionate pipe smoker suffered on an unusual long hoarseness. A polyp of the vocal cord was diagnosed. Although this diagnosis seemed harmless, an odyssee was launched that made history. Rudolf Virchow-the foremost pathologist of that time-was involved in the following histological diagnosis. His role and that of the sprouting histopathology will be presented in this essay.

Treatment of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy with photodynamic therapy. 2002.

PURPOSE: To study the effects of photodynamic therapy using verteporfin in the treatment of patients with subfoveal polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). METHODS: A retrospective chart review of 16 consecutive patients with subfoveal PCV treated with photodynamic therapy using verteporfin was performed. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients involved was 70.5 years. The mean follow-up time was 12 months. The visual acuity improved in 9 (56.3 %), remained the same in 5 (31.3 %), and decreased in 2 (12.5 %). The mean change in visual acuity was an improvement of 2.38 lines, a difference that was highly significant (P = 0.004). The change in visual acuity was negatively correlated with increasing age. The final visual acuity was positively correlated with initial acuity and negatively correlated with age. These results were confirmed by multiple linear regression. No patient had any lasting complication from the treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Subfoveal PCV has no proven method of treatment. Although the follow-up time and the number of patients in this pilot study were limited, the encouraging results and lack of complications suggest that further study is indicated.

Abraham Trembley's strategy of generosity and the scope of celebrity in the mid-eighteenth century.

Historians of science have long believed that Abraham Trembley's celebrity and impact were attributable chiefly to the incredible regenerative phenomena demonstrated by the polyp, which he discovered in 1744, and to the new experimental method he devised to investigate them. This essay shows that experimental method alone cannot account for Trembley's success and influence; nor are the marvels of the polyp sufficient to explain its scientific and cultural impact. Experimental method was but one element in a new conception of the laboratory that called for both experimental and para-experimental skills whose public availability depended on a new style of communication. The strategy of generosity that led Trembley to dispatch polyps everywhere enabled experimental naturalist laboratories to spread throughout Europe, and the free circulation of living objects for scientific research led practitioners to establish an experimental field distinct from mechanical physics. Scholars reacted to the marvels of the polyp by strengthening the boundaries between the public and academic spheres and, in consequence, opened a space for new standards in both scientific work and the production of celebrity.

[19th century achievements of physicians in the diagnosis and treatment of ear polyps]. / Dokonania XIX-wiecznych lekarzy w diagnostyce i terapii polipów ucha.

The treatment of nasal polyps in the past is described. The role of such physicians as Aetius of Amida, Paul of Aegina, Guy de Chauliac, Gabrele Fallopio, Fabricius Hildanus are depicted, the significance of such XIX century physicians as Joseph Toynbee, Anton von Troeltsch, Joseph Gruber, Adam Politzer, Friedrich Voltolini and Bronislaw Taczanowski, Teodor Heiman at Polish territories are presented with full particulars. The problems of pathological anatomy, symptomatology and especially the treatment of aural polyps is strongly pointed out. The significance Bonnafont's instrument, Blake's and Wilde's nooses, galvanocaustic operations are described in more detail. The danger of those operations is pointed out.

Lesöes benignas da cavidade bucal: pólipo fibro-epitelial (caso clínico) / Benigns swellings of oral cavity: fibro-epithelial polyp (clinical case)

Em odontopediatria é comum encontrarmos lesöes benignas exofíticas. Entre elas, está o pólipo fibro-epitelial, que apresenta massa conjunta fibrosa e revestimento epitelial pavimentoso estratificado, com cristas proeminentes e adelomorfas para a derme, sendo várias vezes confundido com papiloma. Os autores apresentam um caso clínico de pólipo fibro-epitelial, mostrando suas principais caracteristicas clínicas e histológicas, bem como o tratamento indicado